Lower plants are represented by 97 species, and higher ones – by 1027 species and 30 subspecies. There are 67 species of mossses , 19 species of fern, 9 species of gymnosperms and 931 species and 30 subspecies of angiosperms.Only the last ones mentioned consist of 405 genuses and 83 families.
12 % of the total number flowering plants are trees, 88 % – grass. There are 52 species of bushes, 7 species of subshrubs and 36 species of trees.
There are 108 species with national and international protection status and 43 species and 2 subspecies are included in the Red Book of Bulgaria.Seven of them are endangered ones and 36 species and 2 subspecies are rare.Endemism is commonly spotted occurrence – 15 species and 1 subspecies are bulgarian endemic species, 28 – Balkan endemic species. One subendemit and 2 Tertiary relics have been found. Some of them are Tulipa urumofii , Verbascum humile , Colchicum davidovii, Cheilantes persica, Anemone sylvestris.
A big part of the park’s territory is covered with mono-dominant and mixed broadlief forests (9000 ha) and 600 ha are covered with conifers.
Very typical of the region are the formations of Fagus silvatica SS,. Moesiaca, Qvercus sessiliflora, Carpinus betulus, Qvercus cerris, Qvercus conferta, Acer pseudoplatanus, Carpinus orientalis, Tilia tomentosa.
Grasslands have a secondary formation.They were formed at a place of destroyed forestlands.They have lower floristic composition than the forest ones but they are richer in rare species.The formation of the common vole covers shallow plateaus and slant slopes above the brown temperately moist soil.It has occurred on a place of beech and hornbeam forests. The formation of gryllus can be spotted in oak complex, most often on dry eroded soil and the formation of broad caps – on places of Moesian beech and hornbeam, with shallow, rocky soils. At some sports, probably after the deforestation and the degradation of secondary grasslands, the formation of mat grass can be observed. Formations of meadow fescue, brilliant tankokrak and belizma are registered as well.
It goes without saying that there is a big diversity of vegetation in terms of natural resource used since ancient times for food, medication, clothing and more.There are 333 species of medicinal plants , 30 species of wild plants used as food, 81 species used for forage, 198 species from which essential oils are made, and 133 species of nectariferous plants.